Perego GB, Iacopino S, Pieragnoli P, et al. - Researchers examined 1,452 patients who underwent cryoballoon (CB)-pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) with and without structural heart disease (SHD), to compare acute procedural outcomes as well as the 1-year recurrence rate of a single CB-PVI procedure among these individuals. SHD was present in 282 (19.4%). The SHD cohort comprised older individuals, more frequently male, with a higher thrombo-embolic risk, a higher body mass index, a larger atrial diameter, and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction, compared with non-SHD patients. Participants were observed over 13.4 ± 12.8 months, at the end of which, freedom from symptomatic recurrence was 78.0% and 78.4% for SHD and for non-SHD, respectively. Extensive employment of CB-PVI to treat patients with PAF was revealed. According to the findings, the acute success and recurrence rate following a single procedure was not associated with the presence of SHD or to the degree of cardiac remodelling, unlike earlier PVI experiences.