Kluytmans-van den Bergh MFQ, Bruijning-Verhagen PCJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, et al. - Whether an isolation strategy of contact precautions in a multiple-bed room vs a strategy of contact precautions in a single-bed room is non-inferior for preventing transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae was investigated. At medical and surgical wards of 16 Dutch hospitals, researchers performed this cluster-randomized, crossover, non-inferiority study. During two consecutive study periods, they applied the preferred isolation strategy (either contact precautions in a single-bed room or contact precautions in a multiple-bed room) for patients with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae cultured from a routine clinical sample (index patients). Employing computer, they performed the random assignment of 16 hospitals; eight to each sequence of isolation strategies. From April 24, 2011, to Feb 27, 2014, they enrolled 693 index patients and 9,527 wardmates and included 463 index patients and 7,093 wardmates in the per-protocol population. Findings suggest non-inferiority of an isolation strategy of contact precautions in a multiple-bed room vs contact precautions in a single-bed room for preventing transmission of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among patients with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae cultured from a routine clinical sample. This finding of non-inferiority of the multiple-bed room strategy may lead to a change in the current single-bed room preference for isolation of patients with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and, thus, may increase infection-control options for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in everyday clinical practice.