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Comparison of CDH1 penetrance estimates in clinically ascertained families vs families ascertained for multiple gastric cancers

JAMA Oncology Jul 03, 2019

Roberts ME, et al. - Through a review of 75 families and 238 individuals found to have pathogenic variants in CDH1, the researchers assessed the CDH1 penetrance in a patient cohort not exclusively discovered based on strict hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) criteria. Out of 75 families, ethnicity was recorded for 67. Out of these 67 families, 51 listed European ancestry, whereas Asian, African, Latino, and 2 or more ancestries were recorded for 4 families each. A significant increase above Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence were noticed in standardized incidence ratios for gastric and breast cancer. Extrapolated cumulative incidence was for men and for women was 42% and 33%, respectively, at age 80 years of gastric cancer, with pathogenic variants in CDH1, while the cumulative incidence of female breast cancer was measured at 55%. Out of 75, 25 families met with international Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium criteria, although, distributing with the requirement of confirmation of HDGC histologic subtype, 43 would meet criteria. Hence, for individuals with pathogenic variants in CDH1, the cumulative incidence of gastric cancer was concluded as markedly lower than previously reported. Furthermore, in order to determine whether this surgical recommendation would be appropriate for all individuals with pathogenic variants in CDH1, further discussion are guaranteed since prophylactic gastrectomy could have a relevance upon both physical and psychological health.
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