Bhat A, Chen HHL, Khanna S, et al. - Researchers explored the clinical as well as structural cardiac parameters related to persistent/ permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). Participants were patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of non‐valvular AF who had comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography. Experts evaluated clinical and echocardiographic parameters and performed comparison based on AF subtype. The following factors were identified to be related to persistent/ permanent AF: presence of heart failure, increased right atrial size and impaired left atrial function. A target group for early intervention to avert adverse cardiovascular outcomes may be identified with the help of these clinical and cardiac structural risk markers of AF persistence.