Han M, et al. - Researchers examined concentrations of circulating neuromedin U (NMU), a highly conserved peptide, in 50 healthy control subjects vs 57 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and assessed the connection between serum NMU levels with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. There was no difference between control subjects and newly diagnosed T2DM patients in terms of serum NMU levels. The results of the oral glucose tolerance test demonstrated that serum NMU concentrations in both healthy controls and newly diagnosed T2DM patients did not change and did not correlate with fasting insulin levels and 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after a glucose load in either patient type. Overall, the authors concluded that circulating NMU concentrations in control subjects and newly diagnosed T2DM subjects were comparable and not linked to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Findings revealed that serum NMU is not a human decretin hormone and may not be involved in T2DM pathogenesis.