Markel DC, et al. - In patients with a total hip arthroplasty (THA) involving modular dual-mobility components, researchers assessed blood metal ion levels, leucocyte profiles, and serum cytokines. A total of 39 patients have been recruited, with up to 2 years of clinical follow-up. Using the Harris Hip Score (HHS, the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and a visual analogue scale for pain, the outcome was assessed. While flow cytometry exhibited consistent circulating leucocyte profiles, there was a substantial postoperative decrease in serum interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon gamma compared with preoperative levels. The authors concluded that THA using modular dual-mobility components is reliable. This gives the opportunity to use a large femoral head and a thick polyethylene bearing surface, which is particularly useful when revision procedures or high-risk situations require additional stability.