Katanoda K, et al. - In this cross-sectional study involving 17,398 Japanese female nurses (aged ≥30 years), researchers analyzed the connection between adult-onset diabetes and life-course changes in bodyweight. Bodyweight indices have been calculated for three stages of life: birthweight (adjusted for gestational age), body mass index (BMI) at age 18 years, and current BMI. In order to decompose the impact of each bodyweight index into direct and mediating effects, path analysis was carried out. Path analysis exhibited that a direct adverse impact on adult-onset diabetes resulted from both birthweight and BMI at age 18 years. The authors concluded that, in Japanese women, both underweight and overweight in adolescence were potential risk factors for adult-onset diabetes.