Yang B, et al. - In view of the association of elevated systemic exposure to gut-derived bacterial products with hepatic inflammation and chronic liver diseases, potentially increasing the risk of liver cancer, researchers examined the correlations between a panel of biomarkers for bacterial translocation and the risk of liver cancer via conducting a nested case-control study (224 liver cancer cases and 224 matched controls) in a large cohort of Finnish male smokers followed from baseline (1985–1988) to 2014. The biomarkers included immunoglobulin A, IgG, and IgM against lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and flagellin, soluble CD14 (an LPS coreceptor), and the LPS-binding protein. Outcomes support that there is an association between antibodies to flagellin and LPS with an increased risk of liver cancer.