Knowles R, Carter J, Jebb SA, et al. - Researchers inquired about the link of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (aSMM) and fat mass (FM) with fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as all‐cause mortality. Their prognostic worth was compared with that of body mass index. A total of 356,590 UK Biobank participants aged 40 to 69 years were analyzed. A positive link of aSMM with CVD incidence was found in males, and a curvilinear association was identified in females. J‐shaped links were evident between aSMM and FM with all‐cause mortality in both genders. Overall, findings demonstrated a strong positive link of FM with CVD risk. The link of aSMM with CVD risk was shown to vary between genders, and further inquiry is required for potential mechanisms. Findings also revealed non-superiority of body fat and SMM bioimpedance measurements to body mass index for predicting population‐level CVD incidence or all‐cause mortality.