Sugihiro T, et al. - By analyzing longitudinal observational data from 765 Japanese Americans over a >10-year period, researchers explored the connections between nutrient intake and the development of obesity or diabetes mellitus. Using Cox's proportional hazard model, nutrient intake was examined for associations with the development of obesity or diabetes. The findings indicate that simple carbohydrate, sugar, and fructose consumption can lead to obesity, while vegetable protein intake and complex carbohydrates can help avoid obesity. Investigators found that various nutrient intakes affected the development of obesity and diabetes in Japanese Americans. In addition, the associations between nutrient intake and the development of diabetes varied depending on the presence or lack of obesity. However, nutrient intakes were not correlated with diabetes mellitus development among non-obese Japanese Americans, indicating that obesity can temper the connection between nutrient intakes and diabetes mellitus development.