Anees MA, et al. - Among 5,894 subjects (58.12 ± 12.9 years; 54.7% women; 49.8% non-Hispanic Whites) without clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) from NHANES III, researchers assessed how vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml, 20–29 ng/ml and >30 ng/ml (reference) relates to prolonged P wave duration (≥120 ms) and PR interval (≥200 ms) as indicators of left atrial (LA) abnormalities. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographics, CVD risk factors, and other possible confounders, they found a relationship of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) with prolonged P wave duration and prolonged PR interval, and this relationship was maintained across subgroups stratified by age, sex, and race. Overall, an increased risk of LA abnormalities was observed in relation to vitamin D deficiency, which seems to indicate a different pathway through which vitamin D deficiency could increase CVD risk.