Vivanco-Hidalgo RM, et al. - In this nationwide, population-based cohort study, researchers analyzed the effect of individuals’ socioeconomic statuses (categorized as exempts, < €18,000 [$US 20,468] income per year, and > €18,000 income per year) and their Primary Care Service Area Socioeconomic Index (from 0 to 100 categorized in quartiles) on survival after ischemic stroke. This research was carried out in Catalonia, Spain. Between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2016, all patients with first ischemic stroke admitted to a public hospital were included. The study sample consisted of 16,344 patients with ischemic stroke with 24,638 person-years of follow-up. Among ischemic stroke patients, individual socioeconomic status was related to short- and long-term survival. In contrast, Primary Care Service Area Socioeconomic Index measures only influenced short-term survival. Due to differences in comorbidity and cardiovascular risk factors, a small fraction of this relationship is involved. Interventions that address both the socioeconomic aspects of individuals and the primary care service may eventually affect short- and long-term survival differently.