Tamma PD, et al. - For the treatment of Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections, researchers compared the association of 30-day mortality with early oral step-down therapy vs continued parenteral therapy. From January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2014, they included a 1:1 propensity score–matched cohort of 4,967 unique patients hospitalized with monomicrobial Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infection at 3 academic medical centers. There were 2,161 eligible patients, and 1:1 propensity-score matching sesulted in 1,478 patients (739 in each study arm). The investigators found that hospitalized patients receiving oral step-down vs continued parenteral therapy for Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream treatment infections was not different. They suggested that transitioning to oral step-down therapy might be an effective treatment approach for patients with Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia infection who have received source control and showed appropriate clinical response. For infected patients, an early transition to oral step-down therapy might be related to a decrease in the duration of hospital stay.