Dauvilliers Y, et al. - Researchers compared serum hepcidin and ferritin levels in drug-free patients with primary restless legs syndrome and healthy controls and examined the correlation between hepcidin level and restless legs syndrome severity to better understand the role of iron homeostasis dysregulation in restless legs syndrome. They enrolled one hundred and eight drug-free patients with primary restless legs syndrome and 45 controls. Normal ferritin level (>50 ng/mL) and absence of iron disorders, chronic renal or liver failure, and inflammatory or neurological diseases were the inclusion criteria. Hepcidin level was higher than in controls and could be associated with restless legs syndrome clinical severity in drug-free patients with primary restless legs syndrome. The study highlighted the complex peripheral iron metabolism deregulation in restless legs syndrome, opening potential perspectives for a personalized approach with a hepcidin antagonist.