Arfeen SA, Bahgat N, Adel N, et al. - Using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), researchers sought to assess the retinal microvascular density in SLE patients and to correlate vascular density with the disease activity and damage risk. Twenty eyes of 20 patients with SLE were contrasted with 20 eyes of normal individuals. Using the SLEDAI-2 K and SLICC/ACR SDI scoring systems, the disease activity and damage risk were evaluated. There was no major association between the SLEDAI-2 k and the retinal vessel density in either layer, while the SLICC/SDI had moderate inverse relationship with vessel density in some sectors. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed high sensitivity and specificity of the deep capillary plexus for detecting vascular damage in patients with SLE. OCTA allows noninvasive quantitative assessment of retinal vessel density in SLE, enabling early identification of altered retinal circulation. Future assessment of SLE activity and damage scores may include the vessel density.