DiDiodato G, et al. - Given the inconsistent association of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection with antibiotic exposure, researchers determined the antibiotic exposure effect sizes and compare them with those estimated from previous case-control studies via a self-controlled case series (SCCS) design. The association between antibiotic exposure and community-associated Clostridium difficile infection was estimated among 139,000 patients registered to the Barrie Family Health Team from January 1, 2011, to May 1, 2017. Compared to the odds ratios reported in previous case-control studies, this work reported smaller incidence rate ratios (IRRs). This suggests a less biased estimate because SCCS designs control for time-invariant confounders. In infection prevention and control studies, SCCS designs are underused compared with case-control studies.