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An adaptable implementation package targeting evidence-based indicators in primary care: A pragmatic cluster-randomised evaluation

PLoS Medicine Mar 06, 2020

Willis TA, Collinson M, Glidewell L, et al. - This study was intended to correlate an adaptable implementation package against an implementation control and assessed impacts on adherence to four different evidence-based quality indicators. Researchers initiated two parallel, pragmatic cluster-randomized trials utilizing balanced incomplete block designs in general practices in West Yorkshire, England. Researchers included 144 general practices collectively serving over 1 million individuals between February and March 2015. They randomized 80 practices to Trial 1 (40 per arm) and 64 to Trial 2 (32 per arm) in April 2015. In this study, the intention-to-treat (ITT) population, adjusted for potential confounders at patient level (sex, age) and practice level (list size, locality, pre-intervention achievement against primary outcomes, total quality scores, and levels of patient co-morbidity), and cost-effectiveness were examined. It was noted that a multifaceted implementation package was clinically and cost-effective for targeting prescribing behaviours within the control of clinicians but not for more complex behaviours that also needed individual engagement.
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