Guan WJ, et al. - Researchers intended to stratify Proteobacteria compositions according to culture findings in bronchiectasis. They included 106 patients with stable bronchiectasis and 17 healthy subjects in this study and sampled sputum, split for culture and 16srRNA sequencing from all these subjects. During exacerbations and convalescence, they collected paired sputa from 22 bronchiectasis patients. Findings demonstrated that conventional sputum bacterial culture could partially reflect Proteobacteria community compositions. Based on the data, to restore normal airway microenvironment in patients with bronchiectasis, critical targets for novel interventions were significantly altered Proteobacteria community compositions – specifically, the increased relative abundance of Pseudomonas and diminished community diversity.