Morris NB, Gruss F, Lempert S, et al. - Experts evaluated whether a self-dousing or a foot immersion intervention alleviated rises in cardiovascular (heart rate) and thermal (core temperature) strain and dehydration during situations imitating hot, humid and very hot, dry heat waves. To decrease physiological strain during extreme heat exposure, air conditioning and electric fans were utilized although it may not always be available. Drinking water was generally suggested, nevertheless, when body parts with high surface-area-to-mass ratio were submerged, water also could decrease body heat via evaporation from the skin or conduction when applied externally.