Obesity rates among veterans are approaching that of the general public, according to a new study by researchers at Yale and the US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

The nationally representative survey of more than 3,000 US veterans found that nearly one in three—32.7%—are obese. The prevalence of obesity in the general public is 37.7%.

“This is a higher rate than previous estimates in US veterans and is somewhat surprising, since most military service members are fit while serving and are predominantly men, who tend to have lower rates of obesity than women,” said Dr. Elina Stefanovics, associate research scientist in Yale’s Department of Psychiatry and at the US Department of Veterans Affairs New England Mental Illness and Research Education Clinical Center in West Haven. The rate was particularly high among younger and non-white veterans, smokers, and those with histories of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

“The findings further document the substantial burden of a range of health issues and functional difficulties associated with obesity in this population,” said senior author Dr. Robert Pietrzak, associate professor of psychiatry and director of the Translational Psychiatric Epidemiology Laboratory of the National Center for PTSD. “Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of multicomponent interventions, such as integrated primary and mental health-care approaches, in managing obesity and related conditions in this population.”

Dr. Marc Potenza of Yale is coauthor of the study, published May 30 in the Journal of Psychiatric Research.